Freedom's Power: The True Force of Liberalism Review

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Freedom's Power: The True Force of Liberalism ReviewThis is a book you would not want to read if you are either sleepy or distracted. The first part is very dense and abstract. The author goes from general concept to general concept without giving any historical support or citing other works that support his theoretical claims. However, toward the end, he comes down to earth with a more fleshed-out and partisan message that sees little good in Repubicans, especially the Bush administration. He tries to build the case that only Democrats, who are the true liberals, can save the country.
Paul Starr is not only a professor of sociology and politics at Princeton, he is also one of the founding members of " The American Prospect." On the political spectrum, that would place him to the left of "The New Republic" and to the right of "The Nation." In this book, he attempts to rehabilitate modern liberalism from being a term of abuse. He traces its origins back to the 17th century. According to Starr, the first phase of liberalism was known as "classical liberalism" or "constitutional liberalism," forged by the Glorious Revolution in Britain and the American Revolution. In this phase liberals sought to contain state power in the name of individual liberty. A balanced constitution would guarantee rule of law and individual rights.
It is from this historical milieu that conservatism also springs. They also trace their origins back to these two revolutions. (Read Michael Barone's Our First Revolution: The Remarkable British Upheaval That Inspired America's Founding Fathers.) It can be said that the Anglosphere as a whole can attribute its wealth and social capital to the discipline and power constitutional liberalism.
Starr goes on to describe how, at the end of the 19th century, classical liberalism became "modern democratic liberalism." This phase of liberalism ushered in with the Progressive Movement. The reach of government expanded and continued to expand during the 20th century with the New Deal and the Great Society programs. The goal of the so-called Liberal Project was to make society more egalitarian through activist government. This was done by income redistribution, extending rights to women and blacks (rights were by definition universal but not in practice), and by "deregulting private life" (namely artistic and sexual liberation).
There was a consevative backlash against this unprecedented government intrusion into the economic and private life. Conservatives sought to preserve the status quo, to "stand athwart history." Eventually, however, conservatives came to accept the civil rights movement and certain forms of freedom of expression, though they still have a problem with income redistribution.
The crux of Starr's argument is that liberalism believes that an activist government is needed to further individual liberty. Conservatives, on the other hand, believe that liberty can best be achieved when government gets out of the way. This is the central back and forth of the liberal/conservative divide, someday they might realize that they are both right. Take capitalism, for example. Capitalism unregulated or laissez faire would lead naturally to monopolitistic practices. Liberals can come in with regulatory rules to keep markets competative, but not to many rules as to stifle growth, and so on. It's a question of balance.
Today conservatism is going through an identity crisis, it is displaying all the excesses of the liberalism of the the 1960s and 70s. The Bush administration has expanded government spending - homeland security, prescription drug benefits - not seen since the Johnson administration. They are borrow and spend conservatives, rather than tax and spend liberals. Borrowing is actually a more expensive and dishonest way to finance social programs. It has actually gotten to a point where neither liberals nor conservatives can muster the political will to stop the inexorable growth of government. It would be good for both camps to pick up a copy of this book to become reacquainted with their historical origins.Freedom's Power: The True Force of Liberalism OverviewLiberalism in America is under siege. Conservatives now treat it as an epithet and even some progressives spurn it. But according to Paul Starr, liberalism is a sturdy public philosophy, deeply rooted in our traditions, capable of making America and the world more free and secure."Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" remains as good and concise a definition of liberalism's aims today as it was when Thomas Jefferson borrowed the language of John Locke for the Declaration of Independence. What distinguishes liberalism, however, is not just high aspirations but strikingly effective principles for the creation and control of power. From its origins as constitutional liberalism in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the liberal project has provided the basis of the most prosperous and powerful states in the world. Modern democratic liberalism has carried forward the constitutional liberal tradition by favoring a more inclusive and egalitarian conception of liberty and opportunity. It has responded to threats to freedom and the public good from excessive concentrations of private power, while maintaining a dynamic market economy. And it has shown how government can respond to economic crisis and injustice-yet keep arbitrary power in check-by providing stronger guarantees of civil liberties and equal rights. At a time when conservative policies are weakening America's long-term fiscal, economic, and international strength as well as its liberties, liberalism is more urgent than ever. Freedom's Power shows why liberalism works-and how it can work for America again.

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